Estimated Tax Payments & Penalties
The United States has a “pay as you go” tax system in which payments for income tax must be made to the IRS throughout the year as income is earned.
The United States has a “pay as you go” tax system in which payments for income tax (and, where applicable, Social Security and Medicare taxes) must be made to the IRS throughout the year as income is earned, whether through payroll withholding, by making estimated tax payments, or both.
You suffer an estimated tax penalty if you don’t pay enough to the IRS during the year.
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You suffer an estimated tax penalty if you don’t pay enough to the IRS during the year. 〰️
The IRS levies this non-deductible interest penalty on the amount you underpaid each quarter. The penalty rate equals the short-term interest rate plus three percentage points.
Due to the rise in interest rates, the current penalty rate is 8 percent—the highest in 17 years. And since it’s not deductible, the net cost likely far exceeds 8 percent.
W-2 Employee:If you are an employee (i.e., you receive a W-2 from wages) and have all the tax you owe withheld by your employer, you don’t have to worry about this penalty. Just make sure your employer is withholding enough…that part is up to you to decide how much is enough.
Self-Employed:You must be especially concerned about this if you’re self-employed, because no one withholds taxes from your business income. You must pay quarterly estimated tax payments to the IRS to avoid the penalty. Your state likely requires this too. If you decide not to be concerned, then don’t be surprised when your tax preparer explains the penalty to you on your tax returns.
Other Forms of Income:Likewise, you must be concerned if you receive income from which no tax or not enough tax is withheld. For example, retirement distributions, dividends, interest, capital gains, rents, and royalties.
C Corporations:C corporations are also subject to the underpayment of estimated tax penalty. Own a C Corp?…then make yourself familiar with the tax payment requirements.
Fortunately, it is easy to avoid this penalty!· All individual taxpayers have to do is pay either of
(1) 90 percent of the total expected tax due for the current year, or
(2) 100 percent of the total tax paid the previous year (110 percent for higher-income taxpayers with adjusted gross income of more than $150,000 ($75,000 for married couples filing separately).
· Corporations must pay 100 percent of the tax shown on their return for the current or preceding year (but large corporations can’t use the prior year).
Most individuals and corporations make equal quarterly estimated tax payments to the IRS. The IRS applies the penalty separately for each payment period. Thus, you can’t reduce the penalty for one period by increasing your estimated tax payments for a later period. This is true even if you’re due a refund when you file your tax return.
Some individuals and corporations can use alternate methods for computing estimated taxes, such as the annualized income method. But the alternate methods can be complicated.
